She was also the first woman to visit the Mir Space Station. Helen Sharman became the first British astronaut in 1991. Michael remained in the spacecraft, orbiting the Moon while the other two crew members explored the Moon's surface. Buzz became the second human on the Moon one day later on 21st July 1969. Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins were NASA's Apollo 11 mission crew. Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the Moon on 20th July 1969. Astronauts use spacewalks to make repairs to the outside of their vehicle. In 1965, he spent 12 minutes outside Voskhod 2, 5 metres from the spacecraft. But she had a lot of experience of parachute jumps! First space walkĪnother Russian, Alexei Leonov, was the first person to leave a spacecraft while it was in space. Valentina had not flown a plane before she trained as an astronaut. She completed 48 orbits of the Earth during her three days in space. Valentina piloted the Vostok 6 rocket in 1963. She was a Russian cosmonaut, like Yuri Gagarin. Valentina Tereshkova was the first women in space. Yuri Gagarin & Valentina TereshkovaĬredit: Khalip / Яков Халип First woman in space Alan was later part of the Apollo 14 mission and walked on the Moon in 1961. Yuri's Gagarin's flight was controlled by an automatic pilot. He was the first person to pilot an orbiting spacecraft. In 1961, American astronaut Alan Shepard became second person in space. He became a global celebrity when he returned to Earth. He returned to Earth by ejecting himself from the spacecraft and parachuting to the ground. Yuri made a full orbit of the Earth in 1 hour 45 minutes. In 1961, he travelled on the USSR's Vostok 1 rocket. The Russian cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin was the first human to go to space. All were stray dogs found on the streets of Russia. 8 other Russian dogs orbited the Earth during space flights in the 1960s. Laika's flight led to the first successful human space flights. Sadly, Laika died during the test flight. She survived the launch and was the first animal to orbit Earth. In 1957, Laika the dog went to space in the spacecraft Sputnik 2. When animals take part in these experiments, their welfare is a key concern. Today, animals are sent to space to test how they cope floating in microgravity. Some test animals survived, but sadly not all. Scientists were testing if the creatures could survive the journey. These included mice, monkeys, rabbits, cats, and dogs. In the 1950s, the USA and USSR sent lots of animals to space. They were two fruit flies! The United States launched the flies on a V2 rocket. In 1947 the first living things went to space. First animals in space Laika the dog featured on a Romanian stamp
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